# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # TPC emissions estimates in 1E10 g TPC for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 110 274 111 119 59 127 87 321 151 103 78 82 90 161 102 101 222 176 282 71 149 84 135 21 144 161 876 377 | 171 TENA 33 44 39 40 33 28 35 27 34 41 46 49 29 30 43 41 30 34 48 39 61 49 24 100 62 38 40 43 | 42 CEAM 59 224 59 100 72 76 96 56 96 68 67 78 86 60 121 60 88 48 65 80 92 63 91 84 68 63 97 108 | 84 NHSA 37 47 24 36 34 20 45 33 23 21 36 25 25 27 14 20 25 31 32 56 20 35 50 41 16 29 34 57 | 32 SHSA 453 408 446 249 249 251 352 521 552 382 527 338 252 439 219 305 190 218 352 300 362 204 338 435 325 409 365 643 | 361 EURO 23 28 21 40 39 17 24 24 24 23 27 24 18 14 27 28 16 15 15 18 33 17 22 14 18 20 13 15 | 23 MIDE 7 16 12 7 12 10 10 10 10 12 13 8 20 16 16 11 14 11 18 16 14 8 14 15 11 7 11 12 | 13 NHAF 597 735 626 773 556 537 530 557 569 475 561 578 491 482 540 517 472 467 532 645 563 490 437 552 507 480 509 560 | 548 SHAF 549 727 534 536 700 669 648 604 685 580 594 651 661 677 646 644 714 634 707 710 653 633 658 639 686 618 691 682 | 648 BOAS 273 623 300 360 356 527 787 173 283 380 218 422 302 325 385 851 422 403 233 546 282 376 589 662 666 232 304 350 | 416 TEAS 126 101 80 87 167 160 113 126 146 135 154 199 153 115 85 103 86 159 136 83 126 84 103 98 64 66 69 77 | 115 SEAS 207 297 274 203 203 161 251 329 258 232 293 231 297 340 220 307 293 296 266 324 223 223 330 303 310 187 317 272 | 267 EQAS 1688 445 193 201 72 195 133 294 156 552 66 66 270 40 175 204 99 410 681 55 26 103 351 27 19 14 139 32 | 240 AUST 134 127 228 236 223 167 145 164 105 174 143 94 156 77 187 172 125 137 143 125 162 165 428 209 96 88 185 113 | 161 Global 4303 4103 2953 2994 2779 2952 3260 3247 3100 3183 2830 2850 2855 2810 2788 3371 2803 3045 3516 3075 2772 2542 3576 3205 2999 2418 3655 3347 | 3119 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 3 0 0 2 0 2 0 | 1 TENA 8 11 9 11 6 5 7 5 8 12 15 9 7 5 13 12 7 7 9 9 13 12 6 15 14 9 6 10 | 10 CEAM 28 115 27 52 42 44 45 27 47 31 34 39 43 32 52 31 45 24 35 44 48 33 46 43 33 32 45 44 | 42 NHSA 19 22 13 19 21 13 20 18 14 13 20 14 14 13 8 10 14 16 15 19 11 19 20 22 10 14 17 24 | 17 SHSA 157 153 142 89 128 118 148 172 176 142 212 142 107 179 112 144 104 114 146 133 154 89 121 145 120 126 118 138 | 137 EURO 6 7 4 10 3 2 5 3 5 3 6 2 3 2 4 7 3 1 3 3 10 2 3 3 3 5 2 3 | 5 MIDE 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 | 1 NHAF 447 594 504 622 427 424 413 435 444 368 437 463 389 382 428 413 385 378 425 513 451 392 340 430 394 373 378 413 | 431 SHAF 495 642 476 477 659 634 587 540 604 515 539 589 585 606 581 576 626 569 614 618 582 556 575 576 597 553 608 573 | 577 BOAS 20 27 16 19 27 25 37 25 17 30 18 33 22 25 19 18 9 22 14 11 10 12 12 11 15 16 16 7 | 19 TEAS 31 26 18 21 22 34 29 32 29 30 27 31 25 24 16 21 15 26 25 13 22 16 21 19 14 14 12 9 | 23 SEAS 129 190 169 115 138 103 171 215 163 158 191 154 201 222 143 207 193 193 169 207 149 143 217 192 207 120 208 173 | 173 EQAS 66 33 15 16 4 10 6 14 9 21 7 7 14 4 10 11 7 17 25 3 2 5 10 1 1 1 7 3 | 12 AUST 81 83 171 178 183 127 68 120 66 101 99 65 84 47 153 135 65 88 87 63 102 109 86 56 70 64 143 75 | 99 Global 1493 1913 1572 1635 1667 1543 1541 1611 1588 1433 1612 1554 1501 1550 1546 1592 1479 1463 1573 1644 1565 1397 1463 1521 1488 1334 1570 1479 | 1548 Boreal forest fires: BONA 62 219 81 62 35 110 73 315 141 95 69 73 81 148 95 93 211 161 270 64 126 64 130 13 121 154 846 364 | 153 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 1 3 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 226 560 259 317 260 421 686 91 220 281 157 325 229 241 324 772 394 337 196 513 248 339 544 622 619 184 259 331 | 356 TEAS 21 16 6 11 4 11 4 1 1 3 18 14 6 1 1 13 0 1 3 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 6 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 312 798 348 392 301 545 766 408 365 382 247 414 319 393 423 879 607 502 471 578 380 406 677 637 742 340 1108 700 | 516 Temperate forest fires: BONA 2 3 3 2 0 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 2 1 6 11 0 0 12 2 15 3 | 3 TENA 12 18 17 16 7 10 9 7 7 12 14 22 7 5 13 11 10 13 21 13 32 25 6 68 36 16 19 18 | 17 CEAM 4 21 10 11 5 3 4 1 6 6 3 7 3 2 24 7 6 1 1 4 9 6 8 3 9 6 7 7 | 7 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 1 2 3 1 1 1 5 13 8 9 6 6 6 3 3 5 4 5 10 6 22 4 6 9 9 7 18 5 | 7 EURO 3 4 2 6 1 1 3 1 3 2 4 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 2 3 10 1 2 3 5 7 3 3 | 3 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 1 0 0 | 1 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 4 12 9 7 1 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 5 3 2 2 1 3 5 | 4 BOAS 11 17 11 9 20 22 23 23 12 28 14 25 23 29 15 12 6 21 11 8 9 15 12 6 17 13 15 5 | 16 TEAS 17 12 12 12 9 5 8 12 9 10 12 17 16 18 9 6 13 17 13 9 10 10 13 15 12 14 13 13 | 13 SEAS 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 2 | 1 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 43 30 42 47 26 27 70 25 24 56 40 23 61 20 17 22 48 34 41 50 38 42 326 146 17 16 29 28 | 50 Global 103 124 114 117 76 74 132 88 77 132 103 110 126 86 91 77 96 103 108 104 148 125 382 257 128 90 127 96 | 122 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 9 51 8 18 8 12 27 7 19 14 12 14 20 10 25 8 18 7 15 14 16 9 18 21 11 9 25 39 | 17 NHSA 6 12 4 7 6 2 14 5 2 3 8 3 4 5 2 3 3 5 7 18 3 7 17 7 2 7 7 19 | 7 SHSA 238 192 232 117 81 93 149 263 304 175 256 119 81 202 67 100 51 74 155 113 142 81 142 174 131 216 171 416 | 162 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 32 32 23 37 10 9 15 22 25 19 28 21 20 22 30 28 17 23 32 48 35 28 32 49 45 40 57 66 | 31 SHAF 15 24 14 16 18 12 23 30 37 29 19 24 42 34 29 32 48 32 46 50 33 41 32 35 53 31 48 60 | 33 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 21 47 39 26 22 17 38 57 44 37 54 35 49 69 34 48 50 53 42 51 23 25 53 52 43 20 56 42 | 41 EQAS 176 67 30 33 9 23 13 32 27 58 12 12 37 6 13 17 12 37 64 6 3 5 22 2 2 2 8 4 | 27 AUST 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 501 428 355 259 160 172 283 422 463 340 394 232 257 352 202 240 204 236 365 304 259 201 319 345 291 329 375 649 | 320 Peat fires: BONA 1 4 1 0 1 2 4 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 5 4 1 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 7 4 | 2 TENA 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 CEAM 4 13 3 5 1 1 5 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 4 3 2 1 5 5 | 4 NHSA 8 11 6 8 5 3 10 8 5 3 6 5 5 7 3 5 6 7 8 18 4 7 11 9 2 7 8 13 | 8 SHSA 34 38 45 27 16 18 21 48 43 34 28 49 40 33 18 43 16 12 28 34 29 17 54 88 51 50 48 67 | 37 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 18 21 17 21 4 4 10 9 10 10 13 11 12 13 13 11 10 11 14 17 13 13 15 14 13 16 12 16 | 14 SHAF 20 26 18 20 6 7 22 20 28 21 18 20 19 21 21 21 25 18 31 29 24 20 38 16 24 23 20 34 | 22 BOAS 0 2 1 2 4 1 4 5 5 5 2 0 1 0 3 32 6 0 0 4 1 1 1 6 1 2 4 2 | 4 TEAS 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 3 1 | 2 SEAS 8 17 15 13 4 4 10 15 12 9 12 8 10 13 8 10 13 11 15 17 8 9 16 15 10 7 10 12 | 12 EQAS 1434 341 145 147 54 156 110 243 117 466 44 44 215 28 149 174 79 352 588 43 20 90 314 21 15 9 120 23 | 198 AUST 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 1537 483 258 252 104 202 204 358 233 559 136 150 315 128 227 306 173 428 699 174 113 168 468 181 129 125 244 184 | 305 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 42 44 23 51 20 14 5 3 6 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 4 6 8 5 8 4 3 7 5 1 3 3 | 11 TENA 10 13 11 11 17 12 17 13 18 14 15 15 13 17 14 16 11 12 16 14 13 10 10 15 11 11 13 13 | 14 CEAM 11 22 10 12 13 15 14 17 17 13 12 14 15 12 15 10 13 10 10 13 15 11 12 12 11 12 14 12 | 14 NHSA 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 | 1 SHSA 21 20 21 13 20 19 26 24 19 19 23 20 16 20 17 13 13 11 10 12 13 11 13 18 11 9 8 14 | 17 EURO 12 15 12 22 33 12 13 19 14 14 14 19 11 9 19 15 10 10 8 10 11 11 15 7 7 6 6 4 | 13 MIDE 5 13 10 5 10 9 9 9 8 9 10 5 17 14 14 7 11 8 16 13 8 7 13 12 6 4 9 10 | 10 NHAF 99 87 80 92 112 99 91 89 88 76 82 80 68 64 68 63 59 54 59 66 63 55 49 56 54 49 61 63 | 73 SHAF 13 21 15 15 14 14 12 11 12 11 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 10 8 9 8 8 8 8 7 10 8 | 12 BOAS 14 14 11 11 44 56 34 26 28 34 25 37 26 26 21 16 5 20 9 10 12 8 18 14 13 14 8 2 | 20 TEAS 53 42 40 41 127 107 68 78 103 87 93 133 102 68 56 58 54 111 91 57 86 55 63 60 33 32 38 51 | 72 SEAS 46 41 49 47 36 36 30 39 37 26 35 32 33 34 34 38 35 38 39 44 40 43 42 42 46 37 40 40 | 39 EQAS 11 4 3 3 3 6 3 4 2 5 2 1 2 0 2 2 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 1 0 0 2 1 | 3 AUST 8 11 11 7 11 10 3 17 11 14 1 4 7 9 15 13 7 11 12 9 19 10 8 3 8 6 11 8 | 10 Global 354 355 303 337 468 414 332 356 372 335 336 387 335 298 297 274 241 310 298 268 305 242 264 262 219 198 229 237 | 309