# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # NMOC_g emissions estimates in 1E11 g NMOC_g for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 23 58 23 25 12 26 18 66 31 21 16 17 19 34 21 21 46 37 59 15 32 18 28 4 31 33 183 79 | 36 TENA 9 13 11 12 9 7 9 7 10 12 14 13 8 8 13 12 8 9 13 11 17 14 7 26 18 11 11 12 | 12 CEAM 21 80 20 36 27 29 33 19 34 23 24 27 30 22 40 22 31 17 23 30 33 23 32 30 24 23 33 34 | 30 NHSA 13 16 9 13 13 8 15 12 9 8 13 9 9 10 5 7 9 11 11 18 7 13 16 15 6 10 12 19 | 12 SHSA 132 124 127 75 88 84 112 151 156 116 163 111 83 138 78 105 70 77 112 99 117 66 104 132 101 116 106 159 | 111 EURO 6 8 5 11 9 4 6 6 7 6 7 6 4 4 7 8 4 3 4 5 10 4 5 3 5 6 3 4 | 6 MIDE 1 4 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 2 3 2 4 4 3 2 3 3 3 1 2 2 | 3 NHAF 261 334 284 350 246 241 236 248 253 211 250 261 221 217 242 233 215 212 240 290 254 221 194 245 224 213 219 240 | 245 SHAF 266 348 257 257 346 332 314 290 326 277 288 315 315 325 311 309 338 305 334 335 313 300 313 307 323 297 328 316 | 311 BOAS 63 138 67 81 83 118 175 44 64 89 51 98 70 76 86 184 91 90 53 117 62 82 126 141 143 53 68 75 | 93 TEAS 36 29 22 25 42 44 33 36 40 38 41 52 40 32 23 28 23 42 37 22 34 23 29 27 18 18 18 19 | 32 SEAS 82 119 108 77 83 64 103 132 102 95 117 94 121 136 88 125 118 119 106 129 91 90 133 120 126 75 127 108 | 107 EQAS 462 123 53 55 19 53 36 80 42 151 18 18 73 11 49 57 27 113 187 15 7 29 97 7 5 3 39 9 | 66 AUST 53 52 100 104 103 74 52 71 42 68 60 39 59 30 86 77 47 56 57 46 65 68 121 63 41 38 82 47 | 65 Global 1435 1452 1097 1129 1089 1093 1151 1173 1125 1124 1073 1069 1064 1051 1060 1198 1038 1100 1244 1141 1053 959 1213 1131 1074 904 1239 1129 | 1129 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 | 1 TENA 4 5 5 5 3 2 3 3 4 6 7 4 3 2 6 6 3 3 4 5 6 6 3 7 7 4 3 5 | 5 CEAM 14 59 14 26 22 22 23 13 24 16 17 20 22 16 27 16 23 12 18 22 24 16 23 22 17 16 23 23 | 22 NHSA 9 11 6 9 10 6 10 9 7 7 10 7 7 6 4 5 7 8 7 9 6 9 10 11 5 7 9 12 | 8 SHSA 80 78 73 45 65 60 76 88 90 73 108 73 54 92 57 73 53 58 75 68 79 45 62 74 61 64 60 71 | 70 EURO 3 3 2 5 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 0 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 229 304 258 319 219 217 211 223 227 189 224 237 199 195 219 211 197 194 217 263 231 201 174 220 202 191 194 212 | 221 SHAF 253 329 244 244 337 325 301 277 309 264 276 302 300 311 298 295 321 292 315 317 298 285 295 295 306 283 312 294 | 296 BOAS 10 14 8 9 13 13 19 13 8 15 9 17 11 13 10 9 4 11 7 5 5 6 6 5 8 8 8 3 | 10 TEAS 16 13 9 10 11 17 14 16 15 15 14 16 13 12 8 10 7 13 12 7 11 8 11 10 7 7 6 4 | 12 SEAS 66 97 86 59 71 52 87 110 83 81 98 79 103 114 73 106 99 99 86 106 76 73 111 98 106 61 106 88 | 89 EQAS 33 17 7 8 2 5 3 7 4 11 3 3 7 2 5 5 3 8 13 2 1 2 5 0 0 0 3 1 | 6 AUST 41 42 87 91 94 65 34 61 34 52 50 33 43 24 78 69 33 45 44 32 52 56 44 29 35 33 73 38 | 51 Global 765 980 806 838 854 791 790 826 814 734 826 797 769 794 793 816 758 750 806 843 802 716 750 780 763 684 805 758 | 794 Boreal forest fires: BONA 12 45 16 12 7 22 15 65 29 19 14 15 16 30 19 19 43 33 56 13 26 13 27 2 25 32 175 75 | 32 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 46 116 53 65 53 87 142 18 45 58 32 67 47 50 67 160 81 69 40 106 51 70 112 129 128 38 53 68 | 74 TEAS 4 3 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 3 3 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 64 165 72 81 62 113 159 84 75 79 51 85 66 81 87 182 126 104 97 120 78 84 140 132 154 70 229 145 | 107 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 3 0 | 1 TENA 2 4 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 5 1 1 3 2 2 3 4 3 7 5 1 15 8 3 4 4 | 4 CEAM 0 4 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 | 2 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 5 1 1 2 2 1 4 1 | 2 EURO 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 1 BOAS 2 3 2 2 4 4 5 5 2 6 3 5 5 6 3 2 1 4 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 3 1 | 4 TEAS 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 1 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 | 3 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 9 6 9 10 5 6 15 5 5 12 9 5 13 4 4 5 10 7 9 11 8 9 73 32 3 3 6 6 | 11 Global 23 27 25 26 17 16 29 19 17 29 23 24 28 19 20 17 21 23 24 23 33 28 85 57 28 20 28 21 | 27 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 8 1 2 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 6 | 3 NHSA 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 3 | 1 SHSA 37 30 36 18 12 14 23 41 47 27 40 18 12 31 10 15 8 11 24 17 22 12 22 27 20 34 26 65 | 26 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 5 5 3 5 1 1 2 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 5 7 5 4 5 7 7 6 8 10 | 5 SHAF 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 5 4 3 3 6 5 4 5 7 5 7 7 5 6 5 5 8 4 7 9 | 5 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 3 7 6 4 3 2 6 9 6 5 8 5 7 10 5 7 7 8 6 8 3 4 8 8 6 3 8 6 | 6 EQAS 27 10 4 5 1 3 2 5 4 9 1 1 5 1 2 2 1 5 10 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 | 4 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 78 67 55 40 25 27 44 66 72 53 61 36 40 55 31 37 32 37 57 47 40 31 50 54 45 51 58 102 | 50 Peat fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 | 1 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 | 1 NHSA 2 3 1 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 2 5 1 2 3 2 0 1 2 3 | 2 SHSA 9 10 12 7 4 5 6 13 12 9 7 13 11 9 5 11 4 3 7 9 8 4 15 24 14 13 13 18 | 10 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 5 5 4 6 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 | 4 SHAF 5 7 5 5 1 2 6 5 7 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 5 8 8 6 5 10 4 6 6 5 9 | 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 | 1 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 | 0 SEAS 2 4 4 3 1 1 2 4 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 4 2 2 4 4 2 1 3 3 | 3 EQAS 397 94 40 41 15 43 30 67 32 129 12 12 59 7 41 48 21 97 163 12 5 24 87 6 4 2 33 6 | 55 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 426 134 71 70 28 56 56 99 64 155 37 41 87 35 63 85 48 118 194 48 31 46 129 50 35 34 67 51 | 85 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 9 9 5 11 4 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 | 2 TENA 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 | 3 CEAM 2 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 4 4 4 2 4 4 5 5 4 4 5 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 1 3 | 4 EURO 2 3 2 4 7 2 2 4 3 3 3 4 2 2 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 | 3 MIDE 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 | 2 NHAF 21 18 17 19 24 21 19 19 19 16 17 17 14 13 14 13 12 11 12 14 13 11 10 12 11 10 13 13 | 16 SHAF 2 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 | 3 BOAS 3 3 2 2 9 12 7 5 6 7 5 8 5 5 4 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 4 3 2 3 1 0 | 4 TEAS 11 9 8 8 27 23 14 16 22 18 20 28 22 14 12 12 11 24 19 12 18 11 13 13 7 7 8 11 | 15 SEAS 10 8 10 10 7 7 6 8 8 5 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 8 8 9 8 9 9 9 10 8 8 8 | 8 EQAS 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 AUST 1 2 2 1 2 2 0 3 2 3 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 | 2 Global 76 76 65 72 101 89 71 76 80 72 72 83 72 64 64 59 52 66 64 57 65 52 57 56 47 42 49 51 | 67