# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # Higher_Alkanes emissions estimates in 1E9 g Higher_Alkanes for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 27 82 31 27 16 39 31 99 46 32 24 25 27 50 31 31 75 58 88 21 47 24 41 5 45 50 279 122 | 53 TENA 7 9 8 8 6 5 6 5 6 8 8 10 5 6 9 8 6 7 9 8 13 10 5 20 12 7 8 8 | 9 CEAM 14 53 14 22 12 12 21 11 21 13 15 15 17 12 24 11 17 10 13 16 17 14 20 17 13 11 22 23 | 18 NHSA 17 24 13 18 12 7 21 16 10 8 14 12 11 15 6 11 12 15 17 36 8 15 24 20 6 14 16 27 | 16 SHSA 118 117 133 77 59 62 83 149 147 108 119 122 96 113 58 108 51 50 94 95 98 55 130 195 125 136 127 197 | 108 EURO 3 4 3 6 5 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 5 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 | 4 MIDE 2 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 | 3 NHAF 105 126 106 132 78 74 83 86 89 76 92 91 82 82 89 84 76 77 90 109 93 84 80 93 85 87 85 98 | 91 SHAF 101 134 96 100 99 97 117 109 131 107 104 115 115 120 115 115 131 110 140 136 122 114 142 106 125 115 121 141 | 118 BOAS 78 187 88 108 100 149 235 50 85 110 61 116 85 89 115 299 136 116 67 170 84 113 178 208 201 68 93 109 | 125 TEAS 24 19 14 16 24 23 17 18 20 20 25 31 24 18 13 18 14 24 22 13 20 14 19 16 13 15 15 13 | 19 SEAS 40 66 59 46 32 28 48 67 53 44 57 43 56 66 42 56 59 56 58 69 41 43 68 63 57 35 58 55 | 53 EQAS 2399 577 246 251 92 262 184 408 199 781 76 76 362 48 250 291 133 588 982 73 34 150 523 36 25 16 201 40 | 333 AUST 23 20 35 37 32 26 29 24 18 30 24 15 28 12 26 25 23 23 25 24 26 27 98 44 14 13 27 18 | 28 Global 2965 1427 854 855 578 794 886 1054 837 1348 634 683 920 643 791 1069 746 1147 1617 782 617 672 1337 836 734 579 1062 863 | 977 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 | 1 CEAM 3 14 3 6 5 5 5 3 6 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 5 3 4 5 6 4 5 5 4 4 5 5 | 5 NHSA 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 | 2 SHSA 20 19 18 11 16 15 18 21 22 18 27 18 13 22 14 18 13 14 18 16 19 11 15 18 15 16 15 17 | 17 EURO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 56 75 64 79 54 53 52 55 56 46 55 58 49 48 54 52 48 48 53 65 57 49 43 54 50 47 48 52 | 55 SHAF 62 81 60 60 83 80 74 68 76 65 68 74 74 77 73 73 79 72 78 78 73 70 73 73 75 70 77 72 | 73 BOAS 2 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 2 3 2 4 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 0 | 2 TEAS 4 3 2 2 2 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 | 3 SEAS 16 24 21 14 17 13 21 27 20 20 24 19 25 28 18 26 24 24 21 26 19 18 27 24 26 15 26 22 | 22 EQAS 8 4 1 2 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 AUST 10 10 21 22 23 16 8 15 8 12 12 8 10 6 19 17 8 11 11 8 13 13 10 7 8 8 18 9 | 13 Global 189 243 199 207 211 196 195 204 201 182 204 197 190 196 196 202 187 185 199 208 198 177 185 193 189 169 199 187 | 197 Boreal forest fires: BONA 19 67 25 19 11 34 22 97 43 29 21 22 25 46 29 28 65 50 83 19 39 19 40 4 37 47 262 112 | 47 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 70 173 80 98 80 130 212 28 68 87 48 100 71 74 100 239 122 104 60 158 76 105 168 192 191 57 80 102 | 110 TEAS 6 5 2 3 1 3 1 0 0 1 5 4 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 96 247 108 121 93 168 237 126 113 118 76 128 98 121 130 272 188 155 145 179 117 126 209 197 229 105 343 216 | 160 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 3 0 | 1 TENA 2 4 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 5 1 1 3 2 2 3 4 3 7 5 1 15 8 3 4 4 | 4 CEAM 0 4 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 | 2 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 5 1 1 2 2 1 4 1 | 2 EURO 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 1 BOAS 2 3 2 2 4 5 5 5 2 6 3 5 5 6 3 2 1 5 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 3 1 | 4 TEAS 4 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 4 3 4 2 1 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 | 3 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 9 7 9 10 6 6 16 5 5 12 9 5 14 4 4 5 11 7 9 11 8 9 74 33 4 3 6 6 | 11 Global 23 28 26 26 17 17 30 20 17 30 23 25 28 19 20 17 22 23 24 23 33 28 87 58 29 20 29 22 | 28 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 8 1 3 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 2 3 1 4 1 3 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 6 | 3 NHSA 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 3 | 1 SHSA 37 30 37 18 13 14 23 42 48 27 40 19 12 32 10 15 8 11 24 18 22 12 22 27 21 34 27 66 | 26 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 5 5 3 5 1 1 2 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 5 7 5 4 5 7 7 6 9 10 | 5 SHAF 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 5 4 3 3 6 5 4 5 7 5 7 8 5 6 5 5 8 5 7 9 | 5 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 3 7 6 4 3 2 6 9 7 5 8 5 7 11 5 7 8 8 6 8 3 4 8 8 6 3 8 6 | 7 EQAS 28 10 4 5 1 3 2 5 4 9 1 1 5 1 2 2 1 6 10 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 | 4 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 79 68 56 41 25 27 45 67 73 54 62 37 41 56 32 38 32 37 58 48 41 32 50 55 46 52 59 103 | 51 Peat fires: BONA 2 7 1 1 3 3 7 1 1 1 1 2 0 3 0 1 9 6 3 0 5 1 0 0 3 1 13 7 | 3 TENA 2 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 2 CEAM 7 22 5 8 3 2 8 4 8 3 6 4 5 4 6 3 5 4 4 5 4 5 7 6 3 3 8 8 | 6 NHSA 13 19 10 14 8 5 16 13 8 6 10 9 8 12 4 9 9 12 14 30 6 12 18 16 4 11 13 21 | 12 SHSA 57 64 75 44 27 29 36 79 71 57 47 80 66 55 30 71 27 21 47 57 48 28 89 145 85 82 79 110 | 61 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 31 35 28 36 8 6 16 16 17 16 22 19 21 22 21 19 17 19 24 28 22 22 25 24 21 27 20 27 | 22 SHAF 33 43 29 33 10 12 37 33 47 34 30 34 32 35 34 35 42 30 52 48 40 34 62 26 39 39 34 56 | 37 BOAS 1 4 1 3 6 3 8 9 8 8 3 1 2 1 5 52 11 1 1 6 3 2 3 11 2 4 6 4 | 7 TEAS 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 4 2 4 6 5 2 | 3 SEAS 14 29 25 21 6 7 16 25 20 15 19 13 18 22 14 16 22 18 25 28 13 15 26 25 17 11 18 20 | 19 EQAS 2361 561 238 243 90 256 181 401 193 768 73 73 354 47 246 286 130 579 968 72 33 148 517 35 24 15 198 39 | 327 AUST 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 1 3 0 1 1 3 3 2 3 2 2 11 3 0 0 1 0 | 2 Global 2531 796 425 415 171 333 336 590 384 921 224 247 519 211 374 504 286 706 1152 288 187 277 770 298 212 206 402 303 | 503 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 5 5 2 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 TENA 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 2 CEAM 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 2 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 | 2 EURO 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 MIDE 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 | 1 NHAF 12 10 10 11 14 12 11 11 11 9 10 10 8 7 8 7 7 6 7 8 7 6 6 7 6 6 7 7 | 9 SHAF 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 | 1 BOAS 1 1 1 1 5 6 4 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 2 2 0 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 | 3 TEAS 6 5 5 5 15 13 8 9 12 10 11 16 12 8 7 7 6 13 11 7 10 6 7 7 4 4 4 6 | 9 SEAS 5 5 6 5 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 | 5 EQAS 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 | 1 Global 44 44 37 42 58 51 41 44 46 41 41 48 41 37 36 34 30 38 37 33 38 30 32 32 27 24 28 29 | 38