# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # HCN emissions estimates in 1E9 g HCN for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 100 311 117 101 58 150 111 400 185 125 95 99 107 199 124 122 287 222 349 84 182 94 167 20 172 200 1101 478 | 206 TENA 25 32 29 31 21 17 23 19 24 31 36 32 21 20 36 31 21 24 31 28 42 35 17 60 42 26 25 30 | 29 CEAM 70 275 66 117 80 85 114 59 112 73 79 85 98 69 127 65 100 55 77 94 102 72 106 100 73 68 113 124 | 95 NHSA 63 85 45 64 55 33 78 60 41 35 58 44 43 51 24 38 45 56 58 110 34 60 85 73 27 52 60 98 | 57 SHSA 580 545 593 339 322 324 438 679 704 501 655 496 377 571 293 455 259 281 463 423 470 268 505 693 486 569 512 843 | 488 EURO 16 19 13 26 17 9 15 12 16 13 18 11 11 8 15 19 10 9 9 11 24 10 12 8 11 14 8 12 | 14 MIDE 5 10 7 6 7 4 5 6 7 9 9 7 11 10 9 9 10 9 10 10 9 4 6 7 7 4 5 5 | 8 NHAF 744 951 803 997 651 637 648 683 700 586 702 725 621 614 685 657 602 600 686 834 722 634 570 710 649 626 639 712 | 693 SHAF 773 1011 741 751 950 914 913 848 971 816 830 912 918 947 906 902 1002 884 1006 1006 924 883 960 886 961 877 961 973 | 909 BOAS 324 762 361 440 401 598 951 190 333 437 246 480 343 363 460 1118 535 472 277 679 339 456 717 827 814 275 372 438 | 501 TEAS 101 82 57 66 87 101 76 81 84 84 103 118 90 71 51 75 51 89 84 47 75 51 69 60 47 51 49 43 | 73 SEAS 245 384 342 246 239 187 319 421 324 296 369 287 375 432 271 382 374 370 341 412 270 269 421 384 380 223 393 338 | 332 EQAS 5355 1322 566 581 210 592 413 916 456 1745 182 181 820 114 559 650 302 1311 2186 167 78 333 1153 82 58 38 447 93 | 747 AUST 138 136 265 275 271 196 135 186 112 174 160 105 153 79 226 203 122 148 149 120 169 179 294 152 108 100 217 121 | 168 Global 8545 5930 4009 4047 3377 3855 4244 4565 4073 4932 3546 3587 3996 3555 3793 4733 3728 4536 5733 4033 3446 3356 5089 4068 3843 3128 4909 4315 | 4321 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 1 3 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 4 0 0 3 0 4 1 | 2 TENA 11 15 13 15 9 7 10 8 11 16 20 13 10 7 18 17 10 9 13 13 18 16 8 21 19 13 9 14 | 13 CEAM 39 158 37 71 58 61 62 37 65 43 47 53 59 44 72 43 62 34 48 61 66 45 63 59 46 45 62 61 | 58 NHSA 26 30 18 26 29 18 27 25 20 18 28 19 19 18 11 14 19 22 21 26 16 26 27 30 13 19 24 32 | 23 SHSA 216 210 195 122 176 161 203 235 241 195 291 195 146 246 154 197 143 156 200 182 211 122 166 200 164 172 162 190 | 188 EURO 8 10 6 14 4 3 7 4 8 5 9 3 4 3 6 10 4 2 4 5 14 2 4 4 4 7 3 4 | 6 MIDE 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 | 1 NHAF 613 815 692 853 587 581 566 596 609 505 599 636 534 524 587 566 528 519 583 704 619 538 467 591 541 511 519 567 | 592 SHAF 679 881 653 654 903 869 805 741 828 707 740 808 803 832 797 790 859 781 843 848 798 763 789 790 819 759 834 786 | 792 BOAS 27 37 22 26 37 34 50 35 23 41 25 46 30 35 26 25 12 30 20 15 13 16 16 15 21 22 23 10 | 27 TEAS 43 36 25 28 31 47 40 44 40 42 38 43 34 33 22 29 20 36 34 19 30 22 29 26 20 19 16 12 | 31 SEAS 177 261 231 158 190 141 234 295 224 217 262 211 275 304 196 285 265 264 232 284 205 197 298 264 284 165 285 237 | 238 EQAS 90 45 20 23 6 13 8 19 12 29 10 9 20 6 14 15 10 23 35 5 2 7 14 2 2 2 9 4 | 17 AUST 111 114 234 244 252 174 93 165 91 139 136 89 116 64 210 185 90 121 120 87 141 150 118 78 96 88 197 103 | 136 Global 2049 2624 2156 2243 2286 2116 2113 2210 2178 1965 2212 2132 2059 2126 2121 2183 2028 2007 2158 2255 2147 1916 2007 2086 2041 1829 2153 2028 | 2123 Boreal forest fires: BONA 78 275 102 78 44 138 91 395 177 119 87 91 102 186 120 116 264 202 338 80 158 80 163 16 152 194 1060 457 | 192 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 4 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 283 702 325 398 326 528 860 114 276 352 197 407 287 303 407 967 494 422 246 643 311 425 681 780 776 231 325 415 | 446 TEAS 27 21 8 14 5 14 5 1 1 4 22 18 7 2 1 16 0 1 3 0 5 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 | 7 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 391 1000 437 492 377 683 960 512 457 479 309 519 400 493 530 1102 761 629 590 725 476 509 849 799 930 427 1388 878 | 647 Temperate forest fires: BONA 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 5 0 0 5 1 6 1 | 1 TENA 5 8 7 7 3 4 4 3 3 5 6 10 3 2 6 5 4 6 9 6 14 11 3 31 16 7 9 8 | 8 CEAM 1 9 4 5 2 1 1 0 3 3 1 3 1 1 11 3 3 0 0 2 4 2 3 1 4 3 3 3 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 6 3 4 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 2 10 2 3 4 4 3 8 2 | 3 EURO 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 0 1 1 2 3 1 1 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 2 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 2 | 2 BOAS 5 7 5 4 9 10 10 10 5 13 6 11 10 13 7 5 2 9 5 3 4 6 5 3 7 5 7 2 | 7 TEAS 8 5 5 5 4 2 3 5 4 4 5 8 7 8 4 3 6 7 5 4 4 4 6 6 5 6 5 6 | 6 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 | 1 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 19 13 19 21 12 12 32 11 11 25 18 10 27 9 8 10 22 15 18 23 17 19 148 66 7 7 13 13 | 23 Global 46 56 52 53 34 33 60 40 35 60 46 50 57 39 41 35 43 46 49 47 67 56 173 116 58 40 57 43 | 55 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 9 50 7 18 8 11 26 6 19 14 11 14 20 10 24 7 18 7 15 14 16 8 18 21 11 9 24 38 | 17 NHSA 6 11 4 7 6 2 13 5 2 3 8 3 4 5 2 3 3 5 7 17 3 7 16 7 2 7 7 19 | 7 SHSA 232 188 227 115 79 91 145 257 297 171 250 116 79 197 65 97 50 72 151 110 139 79 138 170 128 211 167 407 | 159 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 31 31 23 36 10 8 15 22 24 19 27 21 19 21 29 28 16 23 31 47 34 27 31 48 44 39 55 65 | 30 SHAF 15 23 14 15 18 12 22 30 36 29 19 24 41 33 28 31 47 31 45 49 33 40 31 35 52 30 47 59 | 32 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 20 45 38 25 22 16 37 56 43 36 52 34 48 67 33 47 49 51 41 50 23 25 51 51 42 20 55 41 | 40 EQAS 172 65 29 32 9 22 13 31 26 57 12 11 36 6 12 16 11 36 62 6 3 5 22 2 2 2 8 3 | 26 AUST 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 489 418 347 253 157 168 277 412 452 332 385 227 251 344 198 235 199 231 357 297 253 196 312 337 284 321 367 634 | 312 Peat fires: BONA 5 17 4 2 6 7 15 2 4 3 4 4 1 6 1 2 20 14 6 1 11 3 1 0 8 3 28 16 | 7 TENA 4 4 4 4 3 1 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 6 3 2 4 3 3 4 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 | 4 CEAM 15 49 12 18 6 5 18 8 19 8 14 9 12 8 14 7 12 9 10 12 10 11 16 13 7 6 19 17 | 14 NHSA 29 42 22 31 19 11 36 28 17 13 21 20 19 27 10 20 21 27 30 65 14 26 40 34 10 25 28 46 | 27 SHSA 123 138 161 96 58 64 77 171 154 124 102 174 142 119 65 153 59 45 102 123 105 60 192 312 184 178 171 238 | 132 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 3 4 3 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 | 3 NHAF 66 75 61 77 17 14 36 35 37 36 48 41 45 48 46 42 38 41 52 61 48 49 55 52 46 59 44 59 | 48 SHAF 72 94 63 72 23 27 79 72 101 75 64 73 69 77 75 76 91 66 113 104 87 74 135 56 85 84 74 122 | 79 BOAS 3 8 4 8 14 6 17 20 18 18 8 3 5 3 12 114 24 2 2 14 6 4 6 24 5 10 14 9 | 14 TEAS 5 4 3 4 3 1 3 3 2 3 4 4 6 3 4 6 5 6 9 4 5 5 10 5 9 13 12 6 | 6 SEAS 31 63 55 46 14 16 36 55 44 33 43 29 39 47 30 36 48 40 55 61 28 32 56 55 37 25 38 45 | 41 EQAS 5088 1210 514 524 194 553 390 864 416 1656 158 158 762 101 531 617 280 1249 2086 155 71 319 1115 77 53 33 428 84 | 704 AUST 3 3 5 5 2 5 8 3 5 5 5 3 6 1 2 3 6 7 6 6 4 5 24 6 1 1 2 2 | 5 Global 5453 1715 917 896 369 718 725 1273 829 1986 484 533 1119 454 806 1088 616 1521 2482 620 403 597 1660 643 458 444 867 653 | 1084 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 13 14 7 16 6 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 | 4 TENA 3 4 3 3 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 3 3 5 3 3 4 4 | 4 CEAM 3 7 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 5 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 | 4 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 6 6 6 4 6 6 8 7 6 6 7 6 5 6 5 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 5 3 3 2 4 | 5 EURO 3 5 4 7 10 3 4 6 4 4 4 6 3 3 6 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 2 2 2 2 1 | 4 MIDE 1 4 3 1 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 1 5 4 4 2 3 2 5 4 2 2 4 4 2 1 2 3 | 3 NHAF 32 28 26 29 36 32 29 29 28 24 26 26 22 20 22 20 19 17 19 21 20 17 15 18 17 16 19 20 | 24 SHAF 4 6 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 | 4 BOAS 4 4 3 3 14 18 11 8 9 11 8 12 8 8 6 5 1 6 3 3 4 2 6 4 4 4 2 0 | 7 TEAS 17 13 13 13 41 34 22 25 33 28 30 43 33 22 18 19 17 35 29 18 28 17 20 19 10 10 12 16 | 23 SEAS 15 13 16 15 11 11 9 12 12 8 11 10 10 10 11 12 11 12 12 14 13 14 13 13 15 12 13 13 | 13 EQAS 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 AUST 2 3 3 2 3 3 1 5 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 4 2 3 3 2 6 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 | 3 Global 114 114 98 109 151 134 107 115 120 108 108 125 108 96 96 88 78 100 96 86 98 78 85 84 70 64 74 76 | 100