# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # H2 emissions estimates in 1E10 g H2 for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 27 71 28 29 14 33 22 87 40 27 21 21 24 44 27 27 59 47 76 19 40 22 36 5 38 43 238 102 | 46 TENA 9 12 11 12 9 7 9 7 9 12 14 13 8 8 13 12 8 9 12 11 16 14 7 24 17 10 10 12 | 12 CEAM 27 115 26 49 34 38 51 25 47 33 32 38 44 29 57 28 45 23 34 40 45 29 45 45 32 30 50 60 | 42 NHSA 17 23 11 17 18 10 23 15 11 10 19 11 12 13 7 9 11 14 15 26 9 17 26 19 8 14 16 30 | 16 SHSA 282 244 270 147 142 145 208 313 345 225 328 183 132 266 122 167 104 126 210 170 207 118 188 231 179 247 209 411 | 212 EURO 7 8 6 12 9 4 6 6 7 6 8 6 5 4 7 8 4 4 4 5 10 4 5 3 4 6 3 4 | 6 MIDE 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 4 3 3 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 | 3 NHAF 301 383 323 403 275 269 267 284 291 241 289 298 252 249 282 271 245 245 280 345 298 258 230 296 272 255 273 301 | 285 SHAF 299 393 288 290 393 374 357 335 378 321 327 359 370 376 358 357 399 353 391 396 362 353 358 359 385 343 388 378 | 359 BOAS 78 176 85 102 100 146 221 50 79 107 62 120 85 92 108 231 116 113 66 151 78 104 162 182 185 65 85 97 | 116 TEAS 38 31 24 26 44 46 34 38 41 39 44 53 41 33 23 30 23 43 37 22 34 23 29 27 18 18 18 19 | 33 SEAS 100 155 138 97 104 79 134 177 136 125 159 122 161 188 115 165 157 160 138 169 113 111 175 160 162 93 171 141 | 140 EQAS 309 103 46 49 15 39 24 56 37 102 18 18 57 10 30 36 21 72 119 11 5 16 53 5 4 3 22 7 | 46 AUST 56 56 108 113 112 80 53 77 45 71 64 42 61 32 94 84 48 60 60 48 70 73 112 60 45 41 89 50 | 68 Global 1558 1780 1373 1354 1277 1279 1419 1480 1475 1329 1392 1293 1263 1353 1252 1433 1250 1277 1454 1421 1297 1151 1435 1427 1357 1176 1582 1621 | 1385 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 | 1 TENA 4 6 5 6 3 3 4 3 4 6 8 5 4 3 7 7 4 4 5 5 7 6 3 8 8 5 3 6 | 6 CEAM 16 65 15 29 24 25 25 15 27 18 19 22 24 18 30 18 26 14 19 25 27 18 26 24 19 18 25 25 | 24 NHSA 10 12 7 10 12 7 11 10 8 7 11 8 8 7 4 5 8 9 8 10 6 10 11 12 5 8 10 13 | 9 SHSA 89 87 81 50 73 67 84 97 100 81 120 81 60 102 64 81 59 64 83 75 87 50 69 82 68 71 67 78 | 78 EURO 3 4 2 6 1 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 2 5 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 | 3 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 254 338 286 353 243 241 235 247 252 209 248 263 221 217 243 234 218 215 241 292 256 223 193 245 224 212 215 235 | 245 SHAF 281 365 270 271 374 360 333 307 343 293 306 335 332 344 330 327 356 323 349 351 330 316 327 327 339 314 346 326 | 328 BOAS 11 15 9 10 15 14 21 14 9 17 10 19 12 14 11 10 5 12 8 6 5 7 6 6 8 9 9 4 | 11 TEAS 18 15 10 12 12 19 16 18 16 17 15 17 14 13 9 12 8 15 14 7 12 9 12 11 8 8 6 5 | 13 SEAS 73 108 96 65 78 58 97 122 93 90 108 87 114 126 81 118 110 109 96 117 85 81 123 109 117 68 118 98 | 99 EQAS 37 19 8 9 2 5 3 8 5 12 4 4 8 2 5 6 4 9 14 2 1 3 6 1 0 0 4 1 | 7 AUST 46 47 97 101 104 72 38 68 38 57 56 37 48 26 87 76 37 50 49 36 58 62 49 32 39 36 81 42 | 57 Global 849 1087 893 929 948 877 876 916 903 814 917 884 853 881 879 905 840 832 894 935 890 794 832 865 846 758 892 840 | 880 Boreal forest fires: BONA 17 60 22 17 9 30 20 86 38 26 19 20 22 40 26 25 57 44 74 17 34 17 35 3 33 42 232 100 | 42 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 62 154 71 87 71 115 188 25 60 77 43 89 63 66 89 212 108 92 54 140 68 93 149 171 170 50 71 91 | 98 TEAS 5 4 1 3 1 3 1 0 0 1 5 4 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 85 219 95 107 82 149 210 112 100 105 67 113 87 108 116 241 166 137 129 158 104 111 186 175 203 93 304 192 | 142 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 | 1 TENA 2 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 2 6 4 1 12 6 3 3 3 | 3 CEAM 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 | 1 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 4 0 1 1 1 1 3 1 | 1 EURO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 1 BOAS 2 3 2 1 3 4 4 4 2 5 2 4 4 5 2 2 1 4 2 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 2 1 | 3 TEAS 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 | 2 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 8 5 7 8 4 5 13 4 4 10 7 4 11 3 3 4 9 6 7 9 7 8 60 27 3 2 5 5 | 9 Global 19 23 21 21 14 13 24 16 14 24 19 20 23 16 17 14 18 19 20 19 27 23 71 48 23 16 23 18 | 23 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 7 40 6 14 6 9 21 5 15 11 9 11 15 7 19 6 14 6 11 11 12 7 14 16 9 7 19 30 | 13 NHSA 5 9 3 5 5 2 10 4 2 2 6 3 3 4 1 2 2 4 5 14 2 5 13 5 2 5 5 15 | 6 SHSA 184 149 180 91 63 72 115 204 235 135 198 92 63 156 52 77 40 57 120 87 110 63 110 134 102 167 132 322 | 126 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 25 24 18 28 8 7 12 17 19 15 22 16 15 17 23 22 13 18 25 37 27 22 25 38 34 31 44 51 | 24 SHAF 12 18 11 12 14 9 18 23 28 23 15 19 32 26 22 25 37 25 36 39 26 31 25 27 41 24 37 46 | 26 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 16 36 30 20 17 13 29 44 34 28 41 27 38 53 26 37 39 41 32 39 18 19 41 40 33 15 43 32 | 32 EQAS 136 51 23 26 7 18 10 25 20 45 9 9 28 5 10 13 9 29 49 5 2 4 17 1 1 1 6 3 | 21 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 388 331 275 200 124 133 219 327 358 263 305 180 199 273 157 186 158 183 283 235 200 155 247 267 225 254 290 503 | 248 Peat fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 | 1 SHSA 3 3 4 2 1 1 2 4 4 3 2 4 3 3 1 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 5 8 4 4 4 6 | 3 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 1 SHAF 1 2 1 1 0 0 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 3 | 2 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 | 1 EQAS 132 31 13 13 5 14 10 22 10 43 4 4 19 2 13 16 7 32 54 4 1 8 29 2 1 0 11 2 | 18 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 141 44 23 23 9 18 18 33 21 51 12 13 29 11 20 28 16 39 64 16 10 15 43 16 11 11 22 16 | 28 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 8 9 4 10 4 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 | 2 TENA 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 | 3 CEAM 2 4 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 4 4 4 2 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 | 3 EURO 2 3 2 4 6 2 2 4 2 3 3 4 2 2 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 | 3 MIDE 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 | 2 NHAF 20 18 16 19 23 20 19 18 18 16 17 16 14 13 14 13 12 11 12 13 13 11 10 11 11 10 12 13 | 15 SHAF 2 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 | 2 BOAS 2 3 2 2 9 11 7 5 5 7 5 7 5 5 4 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 0 | 4 TEAS 11 8 8 8 26 22 14 16 21 18 19 27 21 14 11 12 11 23 19 12 18 11 13 12 7 6 8 10 | 15 SEAS 9 8 10 9 7 7 6 8 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 7 7 8 9 8 9 8 8 9 7 8 8 | 8 EQAS 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 AUST 1 2 2 1 2 2 0 3 2 3 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 | 2 Global 74 74 63 70 97 86 69 74 77 70 70 81 70 62 62 57 50 64 62 56 63 50 55 54 45 41 48 49 | 64