# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # DM emissions estimates in 1E12 g DM for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 135 355 143 145 72 166 113 433 202 137 105 108 121 218 136 134 295 234 379 94 203 113 181 26 192 216 1178 506 | 227 TENA 52 69 61 66 47 40 51 41 53 68 80 70 46 43 73 70 47 50 69 61 90 76 38 131 92 59 55 67 | 63 CEAM 138 558 133 244 182 197 237 128 232 161 162 187 213 150 275 144 219 116 167 203 226 151 222 214 161 153 235 263 | 203 NHSA 88 112 59 88 92 55 109 82 61 56 94 62 63 65 36 47 62 75 75 121 51 88 117 100 43 71 83 136 | 79 SHSA 1126 1011 1074 605 653 645 890 1257 1353 937 1354 816 599 1116 568 763 498 579 891 751 901 515 795 983 766 976 853 1496 | 885 EURO 38 46 32 65 47 23 37 32 38 32 43 30 26 21 39 47 25 20 22 27 57 23 30 21 26 32 19 24 | 33 MIDE 8 20 14 9 13 11 11 12 11 14 16 9 21 18 18 14 15 13 20 19 17 10 17 18 14 9 13 14 | 15 NHAF 1685 2166 1836 2277 1573 1543 1518 1605 1642 1364 1621 1692 1428 1404 1581 1521 1394 1383 1568 1910 1664 1446 1275 1625 1489 1404 1470 1614 | 1597 SHAF 1726 2258 1665 1671 2268 2171 2050 1907 2143 1823 1881 2061 2085 2139 2042 2032 2240 2008 2201 2220 2056 1987 2041 2033 2152 1951 2176 2097 | 2039 BOAS 399 883 430 515 509 734 1114 263 399 547 315 613 434 468 543 1158 580 572 336 752 392 524 808 906 920 334 433 483 | 585 TEAS 208 170 126 140 224 246 184 204 217 209 228 279 215 174 125 160 122 223 196 116 180 122 154 143 97 99 97 99 | 170 SEAS 536 801 719 505 557 424 701 907 697 651 809 638 831 949 599 856 810 816 715 873 604 592 906 820 849 494 876 730 | 724 EQAS 1727 529 233 249 81 212 139 311 184 567 89 88 301 53 181 211 113 414 683 62 31 102 330 29 22 18 138 39 | 255 AUST 321 321 627 652 653 464 299 444 260 407 373 245 350 187 546 487 275 343 345 271 400 420 604 330 260 238 520 288 | 391 Global 8194 9306 7159 7238 6977 6937 7458 7632 7499 6980 7176 6904 6740 7010 6769 7650 6704 6853 7674 7485 6879 6175 7524 7387 7091 6060 8152 7862 | 7267 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 4 7 5 5 0 0 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 7 0 1 0 3 2 0 15 10 0 0 9 1 9 2 | 4 TENA 29 38 33 38 22 18 24 19 26 40 50 32 24 19 44 41 25 24 32 33 44 40 20 51 47 31 22 35 | 33 CEAM 96 385 92 173 143 149 151 91 159 106 114 131 144 109 176 106 153 83 117 149 162 110 154 145 112 110 152 150 | 141 NHSA 63 74 43 63 71 45 67 61 49 45 68 48 48 45 28 35 47 55 51 64 39 63 67 74 33 48 59 80 | 55 SHSA 527 514 477 298 429 395 497 575 589 477 710 476 358 600 377 481 349 381 489 445 516 298 406 487 401 421 395 463 | 459 EURO 20 24 15 35 10 7 18 10 19 12 22 8 11 9 16 26 11 6 10 12 34 7 11 10 12 18 8 11 | 15 MIDE 2 4 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 4 2 3 3 4 4 2 3 4 4 2 3 3 | 3 NHAF 1495 1988 1687 2081 1431 1418 1382 1454 1486 1233 1461 1551 1302 1277 1433 1381 1287 1265 1421 1718 1509 1313 1138 1441 1320 1247 1266 1383 | 1442 SHAF 1656 2150 1594 1596 2204 2120 1964 1808 2020 1725 1805 1971 1958 2029 1944 1926 2095 1905 2056 2070 1946 1862 1926 1927 1999 1851 2035 1917 | 1931 BOAS 68 92 56 63 91 85 124 86 57 101 62 112 75 85 65 62 30 74 49 37 34 41 40 38 52 55 56 24 | 65 TEAS 106 89 61 70 75 115 97 107 97 102 93 105 84 82 55 71 50 89 84 46 75 53 72 65 48 47 40 31 | 76 SEAS 432 637 565 386 464 344 572 721 547 530 639 516 672 743 478 695 647 645 565 693 501 481 728 644 692 402 696 579 | 580 EQAS 221 111 50 56 14 33 20 47 30 72 25 24 49 14 34 37 24 57 85 13 7 18 36 6 5 5 24 11 | 41 AUST 272 279 572 597 614 426 228 402 223 339 332 218 284 158 513 451 220 297 292 212 344 366 289 190 234 216 480 251 | 333 Global 4996 6398 5258 5469 5576 5161 5154 5391 5313 4793 5394 5200 5020 5185 5173 5324 4946 4894 5262 5501 5236 4672 4895 5088 4977 4461 5251 4946 | 5177 Boreal forest fires: BONA 84 296 110 84 48 149 99 426 191 128 94 99 110 201 129 126 285 218 365 87 171 86 176 18 164 209 1145 493 | 207 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 0 0 3 1 0 1 0 1 4 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 306 758 350 429 351 570 929 123 298 380 212 439 310 327 439 1044 533 456 266 694 335 458 736 842 837 249 351 448 | 482 TEAS 29 22 8 15 6 15 5 1 2 5 24 19 8 2 1 17 1 1 4 0 6 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 | 8 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 422 1080 471 531 407 737 1036 553 494 517 334 560 432 532 572 1190 821 679 637 782 514 550 917 862 1004 461 1498 947 | 698 Temperate forest fires: BONA 2 3 2 2 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 5 10 0 0 11 2 14 3 | 3 TENA 11 16 15 15 7 9 8 6 6 11 13 21 7 5 12 10 9 12 19 12 30 23 6 62 33 15 18 17 | 16 CEAM 3 19 9 10 4 2 3 1 6 6 3 6 3 2 22 7 6 1 1 4 8 5 7 2 8 6 6 7 | 7 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 1 2 3 1 1 1 5 12 7 9 5 5 5 3 3 4 3 5 10 5 20 4 6 8 8 6 16 5 | 6 EURO 3 4 2 5 1 1 3 1 3 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 9 1 2 2 5 7 3 3 | 3 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 | 1 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 4 11 8 7 1 0 1 1 2 1 3 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 5 2 1 2 1 2 5 | 3 BOAS 10 15 10 9 18 20 21 21 11 26 13 23 21 27 14 11 5 20 11 7 8 14 11 6 15 11 14 5 | 15 TEAS 16 11 11 11 8 5 8 11 9 9 11 16 14 16 8 6 12 15 12 8 9 9 12 14 11 13 12 12 | 12 SEAS 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 2 | 1 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 39 28 39 43 24 25 64 23 22 51 37 21 56 18 16 21 45 31 38 46 35 39 300 135 16 14 26 26 | 46 Global 95 114 105 107 70 68 121 81 71 121 94 101 116 79 84 71 88 94 99 95 136 115 351 236 118 82 117 88 | 112 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 22 119 18 43 19 27 63 16 45 33 28 33 47 23 58 18 43 18 35 34 38 21 43 50 26 22 57 90 | 39 NHSA 15 28 10 17 15 6 32 13 6 7 19 9 9 13 5 7 8 12 16 42 7 17 39 17 6 16 16 44 | 17 SHSA 549 444 537 271 188 215 344 608 702 404 592 275 188 467 155 231 119 170 358 261 328 187 328 401 304 500 396 961 | 375 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 75 74 54 85 24 21 36 52 58 45 65 50 47 51 69 66 39 54 75 112 81 65 75 115 104 93 132 154 | 71 SHAF 36 55 33 37 43 29 53 71 86 69 45 57 96 79 67 75 112 75 107 116 77 95 74 83 123 72 111 139 | 76 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 1 2 0 3 1 3 4 3 3 3 1 2 2 1 4 2 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 | 2 SEAS 48 108 91 61 52 39 88 133 101 86 124 81 114 160 78 112 116 122 98 119 55 59 122 121 99 47 130 97 | 95 EQAS 407 154 69 77 21 53 31 74 62 135 28 28 86 16 30 39 28 87 148 15 7 13 52 5 4 5 19 9 | 61 AUST 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 1157 987 820 597 371 397 655 974 1068 785 909 537 594 814 468 556 471 546 843 702 598 464 738 796 671 759 867 1499 | 738 Peat fires: BONA 1 3 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 4 3 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 6 3 | 2 TENA 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 CEAM 3 10 2 3 1 1 4 1 4 1 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 4 3 | 3 NHSA 6 9 4 6 4 2 7 6 3 2 4 4 4 5 2 4 4 5 6 14 3 5 8 7 2 5 6 9 | 6 SHSA 26 29 34 20 12 13 16 36 33 26 21 37 30 25 13 32 12 9 21 26 22 12 41 66 39 38 36 50 | 28 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 14 16 13 16 3 3 7 7 8 7 10 8 9 10 9 9 8 8 11 13 10 10 11 11 9 12 9 12 | 10 SHAF 15 20 13 15 5 5 17 15 21 16 13 15 14 16 16 16 19 14 24 22 18 15 28 12 18 18 15 26 | 17 BOAS 0 1 0 1 3 1 3 4 3 4 1 0 1 0 2 24 5 0 0 3 1 0 1 5 1 2 3 2 | 3 TEAS 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 | 1 SEAS 6 13 11 9 3 3 7 11 9 7 9 6 8 10 6 7 10 8 11 13 6 6 12 11 8 5 8 9 | 9 EQAS 1087 258 109 112 41 118 83 184 88 353 33 33 163 21 113 131 59 267 445 33 15 68 238 16 11 7 91 18 | 150 AUST 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 5 1 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 1165 366 196 191 78 153 154 272 177 424 103 113 239 97 172 232 131 325 530 132 86 127 354 137 97 94 185 139 | 232 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 42 44 23 52 20 14 5 3 6 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 4 6 8 5 8 4 3 7 5 1 3 3 | 11 TENA 10 13 11 11 17 12 17 13 18 14 15 15 13 17 14 16 11 12 16 14 14 11 10 15 11 11 13 13 | 14 CEAM 11 22 10 12 13 15 14 17 17 13 13 14 15 12 15 11 13 10 11 13 15 11 12 12 11 12 14 12 | 14 NHSA 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 | 1 SHSA 21 20 21 13 20 19 26 24 19 19 23 20 16 20 17 13 13 11 10 12 13 11 13 18 11 9 8 14 | 17 EURO 12 15 12 22 33 12 13 19 14 14 14 20 11 9 19 15 10 10 8 11 11 11 15 7 7 6 6 4 | 13 MIDE 5 14 10 5 10 9 9 9 8 9 10 5 17 14 14 7 12 8 16 13 8 7 13 12 6 4 9 10 | 10 NHAF 100 87 81 93 113 100 92 90 89 77 83 81 69 64 68 64 59 54 60 66 63 55 49 57 54 50 61 63 | 73 SHAF 13 21 16 15 14 14 13 11 13 11 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 10 8 9 8 8 8 8 7 10 8 | 12 BOAS 14 15 11 11 44 56 35 27 28 35 25 37 26 27 21 16 6 21 9 10 12 8 18 14 13 14 8 2 | 21 TEAS 53 43 41 41 128 108 68 78 104 88 93 135 103 69 56 59 54 112 92 58 87 55 64 60 33 33 39 52 | 72 SEAS 47 41 49 48 36 36 30 39 38 26 35 32 34 34 34 39 36 38 39 44 40 43 42 42 46 38 40 40 | 39 EQAS 12 4 3 3 3 6 3 4 2 5 2 1 2 0 2 2 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 1 0 0 2 1 | 3 AUST 8 11 12 7 11 10 3 17 11 14 1 4 7 9 15 13 7 11 12 9 19 10 8 3 8 6 11 9 | 10 Global 357 358 305 340 472 418 335 359 375 338 339 391 337 301 299 276 243 313 300 270 308 244 266 264 221 200 231 239 | 311