# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # C7H8 emissions estimates in 1E9 g C7H8 for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 139 469 176 141 79 233 157 656 296 199 147 154 172 313 200 195 443 341 564 135 270 140 272 29 261 324 1770 762 | 323 TENA 11 14 13 13 9 8 10 8 10 13 15 16 8 8 14 13 9 11 15 12 21 17 7 36 22 12 13 14 | 14 CEAM 22 94 23 40 26 28 40 19 38 26 26 30 34 23 49 22 35 18 26 31 36 24 36 34 26 24 40 48 | 33 NHSA 16 22 11 16 15 8 22 15 10 9 16 11 11 13 6 9 11 14 15 29 8 16 24 18 7 14 15 28 | 15 SHSA 225 199 224 122 110 114 164 259 280 185 255 159 117 212 97 142 83 98 170 142 171 95 167 217 160 210 183 345 | 176 EURO 9 10 7 12 9 6 9 6 8 9 10 7 7 5 8 9 5 8 5 5 11 8 7 4 7 7 5 10 | 8 MIDE 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 1 3 3 3 1 2 2 | 3 NHAF 212 265 224 280 187 181 183 195 200 167 200 204 175 173 195 187 168 169 194 239 205 179 162 206 189 180 191 213 | 198 SHAF 206 274 200 202 259 246 245 230 263 221 223 246 253 258 245 245 276 241 274 276 250 244 255 244 267 237 266 270 | 248 BOAS 485 1185 552 674 569 905 1458 217 477 616 345 704 500 529 694 1637 830 721 421 1077 526 717 1143 1306 1301 399 555 695 | 759 TEAS 75 59 34 44 47 60 37 35 38 41 72 75 49 34 24 50 24 41 40 21 39 24 31 27 19 20 21 20 | 40 SEAS 74 116 104 74 74 57 97 130 101 91 116 89 116 137 84 119 116 116 104 126 81 82 129 119 117 68 124 105 | 103 EQAS 983 255 110 114 40 111 76 169 89 321 37 36 155 22 101 118 57 238 397 31 14 59 204 15 11 7 79 18 | 139 AUST 49 45 83 87 80 60 55 58 37 63 53 34 58 27 66 61 46 49 52 46 57 60 167 80 34 31 66 41 | 59 Global 2515 3017 1768 1828 1512 2027 2561 2006 1856 1970 1524 1773 1666 1762 1792 2817 2111 2073 2286 2180 1701 1671 2613 2346 2429 1540 3338 2577 | 2117 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 | 0 TENA 3 4 3 4 2 1 2 2 2 4 5 3 2 2 4 4 2 2 3 3 4 4 2 5 5 3 2 3 | 4 CEAM 10 42 10 18 15 16 16 9 17 11 12 14 15 11 19 11 16 9 12 16 17 12 16 15 12 12 16 16 | 15 NHSA 6 8 4 6 7 4 7 6 5 4 7 5 5 4 3 3 5 6 5 7 4 6 7 8 3 5 6 8 | 6 SHSA 57 56 52 32 46 43 54 62 64 52 77 52 39 65 41 52 38 41 53 48 56 32 44 53 43 46 43 50 | 50 EURO 2 2 1 3 1 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 163 217 184 227 156 154 150 158 162 134 159 169 142 139 156 150 140 138 155 187 164 143 124 157 144 136 138 151 | 158 SHAF 180 234 174 174 240 231 214 197 220 188 197 215 213 221 212 210 228 208 224 226 212 203 210 210 218 202 222 209 | 211 BOAS 7 10 6 6 9 9 13 9 6 11 6 12 8 9 7 6 3 8 5 4 3 4 4 4 5 6 6 2 | 7 TEAS 11 9 6 7 8 12 10 11 10 11 10 11 9 8 6 7 5 9 9 5 8 5 7 7 5 5 4 3 | 8 SEAS 47 69 61 42 50 37 62 78 59 57 69 56 73 81 52 75 70 70 61 75 54 52 79 70 75 43 76 63 | 63 EQAS 24 12 5 6 1 3 2 5 3 7 2 2 5 1 3 4 2 6 9 1 0 2 3 0 0 0 2 1 | 4 AUST 29 30 62 65 67 46 24 43 24 37 36 23 31 17 56 49 24 32 31 23 37 40 31 20 25 23 52 27 | 36 Global 545 698 574 597 608 563 562 588 580 523 589 567 548 566 564 581 540 534 574 600 571 510 534 555 543 487 573 540 | 565 Boreal forest fires: BONA 129 455 169 129 74 228 152 655 294 197 144 152 169 309 198 193 438 336 561 133 263 132 271 28 252 321 1757 757 | 318 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 4 2 0 2 0 2 7 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 470 1164 538 659 540 876 1426 189 458 584 326 675 477 502 674 1603 819 700 408 1065 515 704 1129 1293 1285 383 539 688 | 739 TEAS 45 35 13 23 9 24 9 2 3 8 38 30 12 3 2 27 1 2 6 0 9 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 | 12 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 648 1658 724 815 626 1132 1591 849 758 794 513 860 663 817 878 1826 1261 1043 978 1201 789 845 1407 1324 1542 707 2300 1454 | 1072 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 5 1 6 1 | 1 TENA 5 7 6 6 3 4 3 2 2 5 5 9 3 2 5 4 4 5 8 5 12 10 2 27 14 6 7 7 | 7 CEAM 1 8 4 4 2 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 1 1 9 3 2 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 3 2 2 3 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 5 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 2 9 1 2 3 3 2 7 2 | 3 EURO 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 3 1 1 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 1 5 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 2 | 1 BOAS 4 6 4 3 8 8 9 9 4 11 5 10 9 11 6 4 2 8 4 3 3 6 4 2 6 5 6 2 | 6 TEAS 7 5 4 4 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 7 6 7 3 2 5 6 5 3 4 4 5 6 4 5 5 5 | 5 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 17 12 16 18 10 10 28 10 9 22 16 9 24 7 7 9 19 13 16 20 15 17 129 58 6 6 11 11 | 20 Global 41 49 45 46 30 29 52 35 30 52 40 43 50 34 36 30 38 40 42 41 58 49 151 102 50 35 50 38 | 48 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 5 31 4 11 5 7 16 4 11 8 7 8 12 6 15 4 11 4 9 8 10 5 11 13 6 5 15 23 | 10 NHSA 4 7 2 4 4 1 8 3 1 1 5 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 10 1 4 10 4 1 4 4 11 | 4 SHSA 142 115 139 70 49 56 89 158 182 105 153 71 48 121 40 60 31 44 93 67 85 48 85 104 79 130 103 250 | 97 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 19 19 14 22 6 5 9 13 15 11 17 13 12 13 18 17 10 14 19 29 21 17 19 29 27 24 34 40 | 18 SHAF 9 14 8 9 11 7 13 18 22 17 11 14 25 20 17 19 29 19 27 30 20 24 19 21 32 18 29 36 | 20 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 12 28 23 15 13 10 23 34 26 22 32 21 29 41 20 29 30 31 25 30 14 15 31 31 25 12 33 25 | 25 EQAS 105 40 18 20 5 14 8 19 16 35 7 7 22 4 7 10 7 22 38 4 1 3 13 1 1 1 5 2 | 16 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 300 256 213 155 96 103 170 253 277 204 236 139 154 211 121 144 122 142 219 182 155 120 191 207 174 197 225 389 | 192 Peat fires: BONA 0 2 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 4 2 | 1 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 CEAM 2 8 2 3 1 0 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 | 2 NHSA 4 7 3 5 3 1 6 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 1 3 3 4 5 11 2 4 6 5 1 4 4 7 | 4 SHSA 20 23 27 16 9 10 13 28 25 20 17 29 23 19 10 25 9 7 17 20 17 10 32 52 30 29 28 39 | 22 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 11 12 10 13 2 2 6 5 6 6 8 6 7 8 7 7 6 6 8 10 8 8 9 8 7 9 7 9 | 8 SHAF 12 15 10 12 3 4 13 12 16 12 10 12 11 12 12 12 15 11 18 17 14 12 22 9 14 14 12 20 | 13 BOAS 0 1 0 1 2 1 2 3 3 3 1 0 0 0 2 19 4 0 0 2 1 0 1 4 0 1 2 1 | 2 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 2 1 | 1 SEAS 5 10 9 7 2 2 6 9 7 5 7 4 6 8 5 6 8 6 9 10 4 5 9 9 6 4 6 7 | 7 EQAS 850 202 86 87 32 92 65 144 69 276 26 26 127 16 88 103 46 208 349 26 12 53 186 12 9 5 71 14 | 118 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 912 286 153 149 61 120 121 212 138 332 80 89 187 76 134 181 103 254 415 103 67 100 277 107 76 74 145 109 | 181 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 8 8 4 9 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 | 2 TENA 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 | 3 CEAM 2 4 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 4 3 4 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 | 3 EURO 2 2 2 4 6 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 | 3 MIDE 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 0 1 1 | 2 NHAF 18 16 15 17 21 18 17 16 16 14 15 15 12 12 12 11 11 10 11 12 11 10 9 10 10 9 11 11 | 14 SHAF 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 2 BOAS 2 2 2 2 8 10 6 5 5 6 4 7 4 5 3 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 0 | 4 TEAS 10 8 7 7 24 20 12 14 19 16 17 25 19 12 10 11 10 21 17 10 16 10 12 11 6 6 7 9 | 14 SEAS 8 7 9 9 6 6 5 7 7 4 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 7 7 8 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 | 7 EQAS 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 AUST 1 2 2 1 2 1 0 3 2 2 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 | 2 Global 67 67 57 63 88 78 62 67 70 63 63 73 63 56 56 51 45 58 56 50 57 45 49 49 41 37 43 44 | 58