# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # C2H5OH emissions estimates in 1E9 g C2H5OH for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 14 22 10 17 7 8 6 13 7 5 5 5 5 9 5 5 10 9 13 4 12 8 6 2 10 7 38 16 | 10 TENA 12 16 14 15 11 9 12 9 12 16 19 16 11 10 17 16 11 11 15 14 20 17 9 28 20 13 12 15 | 15 CEAM 29 111 28 50 40 42 44 28 47 32 33 38 42 31 54 31 44 24 33 42 47 32 45 41 33 32 45 45 | 41 NHSA 19 22 13 18 19 12 20 17 14 12 19 13 13 13 8 10 13 16 15 21 11 18 20 21 9 14 17 24 | 16 SHSA 159 154 150 91 121 113 145 179 182 144 205 143 109 175 107 140 97 106 142 130 151 87 127 160 125 134 125 162 | 138 EURO 8 10 7 15 11 5 8 7 9 7 10 7 6 4 9 11 5 4 5 6 13 5 7 4 5 7 4 4 | 8 MIDE 2 5 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 5 4 4 3 4 3 5 4 4 2 4 4 3 2 3 3 | 4 NHAF 401 520 443 545 383 377 368 386 393 327 387 408 343 336 376 362 336 330 372 448 394 343 299 377 346 327 335 366 | 380 SHAF 419 547 405 405 551 530 496 457 512 436 455 498 495 512 491 487 530 480 522 525 492 471 490 485 506 468 514 489 | 489 BOAS 30 50 28 32 47 54 69 36 32 50 30 53 37 41 36 57 26 39 23 32 22 27 37 38 42 27 29 20 | 38 TEAS 43 36 27 30 52 56 43 48 51 49 49 63 50 40 29 34 28 53 46 27 42 29 36 34 23 23 22 23 | 39 SEAS 122 175 158 112 126 96 154 196 150 142 173 140 181 200 131 187 175 175 156 190 137 134 198 177 188 112 188 159 | 159 EQAS 434 119 52 54 19 51 34 76 39 142 18 18 70 11 48 55 27 107 176 15 7 28 91 7 5 4 38 9 | 63 AUST 76 77 152 158 159 112 69 108 62 97 89 59 82 45 133 119 65 82 82 63 96 100 130 73 63 58 126 69 | 94 Global 1775 1870 1495 1550 1555 1474 1477 1569 1520 1468 1503 1468 1454 1439 1454 1522 1378 1447 1612 1529 1454 1307 1504 1457 1384 1232 1503 1411 | 1494 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 | 1 TENA 7 9 8 9 5 4 6 4 6 9 12 8 6 4 11 10 6 6 7 8 11 10 4 12 11 7 5 8 | 8 CEAM 23 95 22 43 35 36 37 22 39 26 28 32 35 27 43 26 37 20 29 36 40 27 38 36 27 27 37 37 | 35 NHSA 15 18 10 15 17 11 16 15 12 11 16 11 11 11 7 8 11 13 12 15 9 15 16 18 8 11 14 19 | 14 SHSA 130 127 118 73 106 97 122 142 145 117 175 117 88 148 93 119 86 94 121 110 127 73 100 120 99 104 97 114 | 113 EURO 5 6 3 8 2 1 4 2 4 3 5 2 2 2 3 6 2 1 2 3 8 1 2 2 2 4 2 2 | 4 MIDE 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 369 491 417 514 353 350 341 359 367 304 361 383 322 315 354 341 318 312 351 424 373 324 281 356 326 308 313 342 | 357 SHAF 409 531 394 394 544 524 485 446 499 426 446 487 484 501 480 476 517 471 508 511 481 460 476 476 494 457 503 474 | 477 BOAS 16 22 13 15 22 21 30 21 14 25 15 27 18 21 16 15 7 18 12 9 8 10 10 9 12 13 13 6 | 16 TEAS 26 22 15 17 18 28 24 26 24 25 23 25 20 20 13 17 12 22 20 11 18 13 17 16 12 11 10 7 | 19 SEAS 106 157 139 95 114 85 141 178 135 131 158 127 166 183 118 171 159 159 139 171 124 119 179 159 171 99 172 143 | 143 EQAS 54 27 12 13 3 8 5 11 7 18 6 6 12 3 8 9 6 14 21 3 1 4 9 1 1 1 5 2 | 10 AUST 67 69 141 147 151 105 56 99 55 83 82 53 70 39 126 111 54 73 72 52 85 90 71 47 57 53 118 62 | 82 Global 1235 1581 1299 1352 1378 1276 1274 1332 1313 1184 1333 1285 1241 1281 1278 1316 1222 1209 1301 1359 1294 1155 1210 1257 1230 1102 1298 1222 | 1280 Boreal forest fires: BONA 2 8 2 2 1 4 2 11 5 3 2 2 2 5 3 3 7 5 9 2 4 2 4 0 4 5 30 13 | 6 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 8 20 9 11 9 15 25 3 8 10 5 11 8 8 11 28 14 12 7 18 9 12 19 22 22 6 9 12 | 13 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 11 29 12 14 11 19 27 14 13 13 9 15 11 14 15 32 22 18 17 21 13 14 24 23 27 12 40 25 | 19 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 | 1 TENA 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 0 2 1 1 2 3 2 5 4 1 11 6 2 3 3 | 3 CEAM 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 | 1 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 3 0 | 1 EURO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 BOAS 1 2 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 4 2 4 3 4 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 | 3 TEAS 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 | 2 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 7 5 7 8 4 4 11 4 4 9 6 3 10 3 3 3 8 5 6 8 6 7 54 24 2 2 4 4 | 8 Global 17 20 19 19 12 12 22 14 12 22 17 18 21 14 15 12 16 17 18 17 24 21 64 43 21 15 21 16 | 20 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 | 1 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 | 0 SHSA 14 12 14 7 5 5 9 16 18 10 15 7 5 12 4 6 3 4 9 7 8 5 8 10 8 13 10 25 | 10 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 | 2 SHAF 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 1 3 3 | 2 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 3 2 | 3 EQAS 10 4 1 2 0 1 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 31 26 22 16 10 10 17 26 28 21 24 14 16 21 12 15 12 14 22 18 16 12 19 21 18 20 23 40 | 20 Peat fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 | 1 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 | 1 NHSA 2 3 1 2 1 0 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 2 0 1 2 3 | 2 SHSA 8 9 11 6 4 4 5 12 11 8 7 12 10 8 4 11 4 3 7 8 7 4 13 22 13 12 12 17 | 10 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 4 5 4 5 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 4 | 3 SHAF 5 6 4 5 1 1 5 5 7 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 6 4 8 7 6 5 9 4 6 6 5 8 | 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 | 1 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 2 4 3 3 1 1 2 4 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 4 2 2 4 3 2 1 2 3 | 3 EQAS 365 87 37 37 14 39 28 62 29 119 11 11 54 7 38 44 20 89 150 11 5 22 80 5 3 2 30 6 | 51 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 392 123 66 64 26 51 52 91 59 142 34 38 80 32 57 78 44 109 178 44 29 43 119 46 32 31 62 46 | 78 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 10 10 5 12 5 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 | 3 TENA 2 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 3 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 | 3 CEAM 2 5 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 5 5 5 3 5 4 6 6 4 4 5 5 4 5 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 2 2 3 | 4 EURO 3 3 3 5 8 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 | 3 MIDE 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 4 3 3 1 2 2 4 3 2 1 3 3 1 1 2 2 | 3 NHAF 24 21 20 23 28 24 22 22 22 19 20 20 17 16 17 15 14 13 14 16 15 13 12 14 13 12 15 15 | 18 SHAF 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 | 3 BOAS 3 3 2 2 11 14 8 6 7 8 6 9 6 6 5 4 1 5 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 3 2 0 | 5 TEAS 13 10 10 10 31 26 17 19 25 21 23 33 25 17 14 14 13 27 22 14 21 13 15 15 8 8 9 12 | 18 SEAS 11 10 12 11 9 9 7 9 9 6 8 8 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 11 10 10 10 10 11 9 10 10 | 10 EQAS 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 AUST 2 2 2 1 2 2 0 4 2 3 0 1 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 2 4 2 2 0 2 1 2 2 | 2 Global 88 88 75 84 116 103 82 88 92 83 83 96 83 74 74 68 60 77 74 66 76 60 65 65 54 49 57 59 | 77