# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # C emissions estimates in 1E12 g C for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 63 171 68 67 33 80 55 212 98 67 51 52 59 106 66 65 145 114 185 46 99 55 89 12 94 106 578 248 | 111 TENA 24 32 28 30 21 18 23 18 24 31 37 32 21 19 34 32 21 23 31 28 42 35 17 61 43 27 25 31 | 29 CEAM 65 265 63 116 86 92 113 60 110 76 76 88 101 70 130 68 104 54 79 96 107 71 105 101 76 72 111 125 | 96 NHSA 42 54 28 42 44 26 52 39 29 27 45 30 30 31 17 22 29 36 36 58 24 42 56 48 20 34 39 65 | 38 SHSA 544 487 519 292 312 309 427 607 655 451 652 392 288 537 271 366 238 277 429 361 433 247 384 476 370 473 413 729 | 427 EURO 17 21 14 29 20 10 16 14 17 14 19 13 12 9 17 21 11 9 10 12 26 10 13 9 12 15 8 11 | 15 MIDE 3 8 6 4 5 4 5 5 5 6 7 4 9 8 7 6 6 6 8 8 7 4 7 8 6 4 5 6 | 6 NHAF 792 1020 864 1072 737 723 712 754 772 641 762 795 672 660 744 716 656 651 739 901 784 681 601 766 702 662 694 762 | 752 SHAF 815 1067 786 789 1070 1024 968 901 1014 862 888 974 986 1011 965 960 1060 949 1042 1051 972 940 966 961 1018 923 1029 993 | 964 BOAS 194 431 209 251 245 355 542 125 193 264 152 296 210 226 264 568 284 278 163 368 191 256 395 443 450 162 211 236 | 285 TEAS 96 78 57 64 99 111 83 92 97 94 103 125 96 78 56 72 55 99 88 51 81 55 69 64 44 45 44 44 | 77 SEAS 252 379 339 238 262 199 331 429 329 308 383 301 393 450 283 404 383 386 338 413 284 279 429 388 401 232 414 345 | 342 EQAS 890 268 118 126 41 108 71 159 93 292 45 44 154 26 93 108 57 214 353 32 15 52 171 15 11 9 71 20 | 131 AUST 151 151 295 307 307 218 141 209 122 191 176 115 165 87 257 229 130 161 162 127 188 197 286 156 122 112 245 135 | 184 Global 3953 4438 3401 3433 3288 3284 3546 3631 3563 3330 3401 3267 3199 3326 3210 3645 3185 3263 3669 3557 3259 2930 3593 3515 3375 2881 3894 3758 | 3457 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 2 3 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 5 0 0 4 0 4 1 | 2 TENA 13 17 15 17 10 8 11 9 12 19 23 15 11 9 21 19 11 11 15 15 21 19 9 24 22 14 10 16 | 15 CEAM 45 181 43 82 67 70 71 43 75 50 54 61 68 51 83 50 72 39 55 70 76 52 72 68 53 52 71 70 | 66 NHSA 30 34 20 30 33 21 31 29 23 21 32 22 22 21 13 16 22 26 24 30 18 30 31 35 15 22 27 37 | 26 SHSA 248 242 225 140 202 186 234 271 278 225 335 224 168 283 178 227 164 180 231 210 243 141 191 230 189 198 186 218 | 216 EURO 9 11 7 16 5 3 8 4 9 5 10 3 5 4 7 12 5 2 5 5 16 3 5 4 5 8 3 5 | 7 MIDE 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 | 1 NHAF 705 938 796 982 675 669 652 686 701 582 689 732 614 602 676 651 607 597 670 810 712 619 537 679 623 588 597 652 | 681 SHAF 781 1014 752 753 1039 1000 926 853 953 813 851 930 924 957 917 909 988 899 970 976 918 878 908 909 943 873 960 904 | 911 BOAS 32 43 26 30 43 40 58 40 27 47 29 52 35 40 31 29 14 35 23 17 16 19 19 18 24 26 26 11 | 31 TEAS 50 42 28 33 35 54 46 50 46 48 44 49 40 38 26 33 23 42 39 22 35 25 34 30 23 22 19 14 | 36 SEAS 204 300 266 182 219 162 270 340 258 250 301 243 317 350 225 328 305 304 267 327 236 227 343 303 326 189 328 273 | 273 EQAS 104 52 23 26 6 15 9 22 14 34 11 11 23 7 16 17 11 27 40 6 3 8 17 2 2 2 11 5 | 19 AUST 128 131 270 281 289 200 107 190 105 160 156 102 134 74 242 213 103 140 138 100 162 172 136 89 110 102 226 118 | 157 Global 2357 3018 2481 2580 2631 2435 2431 2543 2506 2261 2545 2453 2368 2446 2440 2512 2333 2309 2483 2595 2470 2204 2309 2400 2348 2105 2477 2333 | 2442 Boreal forest fires: BONA 41 145 54 41 23 73 48 209 94 63 46 48 54 99 63 62 140 107 179 42 84 42 86 9 80 103 562 242 | 102 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 150 372 172 211 172 280 456 60 146 187 104 216 152 160 216 513 262 224 130 341 165 225 361 414 411 122 172 220 | 237 TEAS 14 11 4 7 3 7 2 0 0 2 12 9 4 1 0 8 0 0 2 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 | 4 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 207 531 232 261 200 362 509 271 242 254 164 275 212 261 281 585 403 334 313 384 252 270 450 424 493 226 736 465 | 343 Temperate forest fires: BONA 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 5 0 0 5 1 6 1 | 1 TENA 5 8 7 7 3 4 4 3 3 5 6 10 3 2 5 5 4 5 9 6 14 11 3 29 15 7 8 8 | 8 CEAM 1 9 4 5 2 1 1 0 3 2 1 3 1 1 10 3 3 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 4 2 3 3 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 5 3 4 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 2 9 2 2 4 4 3 8 2 | 3 EURO 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 0 1 1 2 3 1 1 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 2 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 2 | 2 BOAS 4 7 5 4 8 9 10 10 5 12 6 11 10 13 6 5 2 9 5 3 4 6 5 3 7 5 6 2 | 7 TEAS 7 5 5 5 4 2 3 5 4 4 5 7 7 7 4 2 5 7 5 4 4 4 5 6 5 6 5 5 | 5 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 | 1 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 18 13 18 20 11 12 30 11 10 24 17 10 26 8 7 10 21 15 18 22 16 18 142 64 7 7 12 12 | 22 Global 45 54 50 51 33 32 57 38 33 57 45 48 55 38 39 33 42 45 47 45 64 54 167 112 56 39 55 42 | 53 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 11 59 9 21 9 13 31 8 22 16 13 16 23 11 28 9 21 9 17 16 19 10 21 24 13 11 28 44 | 19 NHSA 7 13 4 8 7 3 16 6 3 3 9 4 4 6 2 3 4 6 8 20 3 8 19 8 3 8 8 22 | 8 SHSA 271 219 265 134 93 106 169 300 347 199 292 136 92 230 76 114 59 84 177 129 162 92 162 198 150 247 195 475 | 185 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 37 36 27 42 12 10 17 26 29 22 32 24 23 25 34 32 19 26 37 55 40 32 37 57 51 46 65 76 | 35 SHAF 18 27 16 18 21 14 26 35 42 34 22 28 47 39 33 37 55 37 53 57 38 47 37 41 61 35 55 68 | 38 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 | 1 SEAS 24 53 45 30 26 19 43 65 50 42 61 40 56 79 39 55 57 60 48 58 27 29 60 60 49 23 64 48 | 47 EQAS 201 76 34 38 10 26 15 36 30 66 14 13 42 7 15 19 13 43 73 7 3 6 25 2 2 2 9 4 | 30 AUST 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 571 488 405 295 183 196 323 481 528 387 449 265 293 402 231 274 233 269 416 347 295 229 364 393 331 375 428 741 | 365 Peat fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 | 1 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 5 1 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 2 2 | 2 NHSA 3 4 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 3 7 1 2 4 3 1 2 3 5 | 3 SHSA 14 15 18 11 6 7 8 19 17 14 11 19 16 13 7 17 6 5 11 14 12 6 21 35 20 20 19 27 | 15 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 7 8 7 8 2 1 4 3 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 6 5 5 6 5 5 6 5 6 | 5 SHAF 8 10 7 8 2 3 9 8 11 8 7 8 7 8 8 8 10 7 12 11 10 8 15 6 9 9 8 13 | 9 BOAS 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 13 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 1 | 2 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 | 1 SEAS 3 7 6 5 1 1 4 6 5 3 4 3 4 5 3 4 5 4 6 7 3 3 6 6 4 2 4 5 | 5 EQAS 579 137 58 59 22 63 44 98 47 188 18 18 86 11 60 70 31 142 237 17 8 36 127 8 6 3 48 9 | 80 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 621 195 104 102 42 81 82 145 94 226 55 60 127 51 91 124 70 173 282 70 45 68 189 73 52 50 98 74 | 124 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 17 18 9 21 8 6 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 2 2 0 1 1 | 5 TENA 4 5 4 4 7 5 7 5 7 6 6 6 5 7 6 6 4 5 6 6 5 4 4 6 4 4 5 5 | 6 CEAM 4 9 4 5 5 6 5 7 7 5 5 6 6 5 6 4 5 4 4 5 6 4 5 5 4 5 6 5 | 6 NHSA 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SHSA 9 8 9 5 8 8 11 10 8 8 9 8 7 8 7 5 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 7 4 4 3 6 | 7 EURO 5 6 5 9 14 5 5 8 5 6 6 8 4 4 8 6 4 4 3 4 4 4 6 3 3 2 2 1 | 6 MIDE 2 5 4 2 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 2 7 5 6 3 5 3 6 5 3 3 5 5 2 2 3 4 | 4 NHAF 41 36 34 39 47 42 38 37 37 32 35 34 29 27 28 26 24 22 25 27 26 23 20 24 22 21 25 26 | 31 SHAF 5 9 6 6 6 6 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 | 5 BOAS 6 6 4 4 18 23 14 11 12 14 10 15 10 11 8 6 2 8 4 4 5 3 7 6 5 6 3 1 | 9 TEAS 22 18 17 17 54 45 28 33 43 37 39 56 43 28 23 24 23 47 38 24 36 23 26 25 14 13 16 21 | 30 SEAS 19 17 20 20 15 15 12 16 15 11 14 13 14 14 14 16 15 16 16 18 17 18 17 17 19 16 17 17 | 17 EQAS 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 | 1 AUST 3 5 5 3 5 4 1 7 5 6 0 1 3 4 6 5 3 4 5 3 8 4 3 1 3 2 4 3 | 4 Global 150 150 128 142 198 175 140 150 157 141 142 164 141 126 125 115 102 131 126 113 129 102 111 111 92 84 97 100 | 131