# Global Fire Emissions Database version 5 (GFED5) summary table. Data available for 1997-2024. # Please see www.globalfiredata.org for more information or contact guido.vanderwerf@wur.nl # Note that fire emission estimates carry substantial uncertainty # # BC emissions estimates in 1E9 g BC for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) '97-'24 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 | Mean BONA 48 116 48 52 24 53 35 135 63 43 33 34 38 69 43 42 91 73 119 30 65 37 57 9 62 67 368 158 | 72 TENA 20 27 24 25 19 16 20 16 21 26 31 28 18 17 28 27 18 20 27 24 36 30 15 53 37 23 22 26 | 25 CEAM 50 202 49 89 67 73 86 48 85 59 59 69 78 55 102 53 80 42 61 74 83 55 81 78 59 56 85 95 | 75 NHSA 30 37 20 30 32 19 36 27 21 19 32 21 21 21 12 16 21 25 25 38 17 30 39 34 15 24 28 45 | 27 SHSA 394 353 372 210 234 230 316 438 472 328 480 283 207 393 202 266 178 207 314 263 319 182 272 331 263 335 294 511 | 309 EURO 15 18 13 26 20 9 14 13 15 13 17 12 10 8 16 18 10 8 9 11 22 9 12 8 10 13 7 9 | 13 MIDE 3 8 5 3 5 4 5 5 4 5 6 3 8 7 7 5 6 5 8 7 7 4 7 7 5 3 5 6 | 6 NHAF 624 800 679 841 588 577 565 596 610 506 600 627 529 519 585 562 516 511 578 704 615 533 469 598 549 516 541 593 | 591 SHAF 633 829 612 613 837 801 752 699 784 668 691 756 764 784 749 745 820 737 804 811 753 728 744 746 787 714 797 764 | 748 BOAS 131 284 140 166 171 243 361 92 132 183 106 205 145 157 177 361 182 187 110 238 126 168 258 286 293 110 140 152 | 190 TEAS 80 65 49 54 92 98 73 81 88 84 90 112 87 70 50 62 49 91 79 47 73 49 62 58 38 38 38 40 | 68 SEAS 198 292 263 185 206 157 256 331 255 238 295 234 304 346 219 314 295 298 261 318 223 218 331 299 312 182 321 267 | 265 EQAS 244 100 45 50 15 35 21 48 35 81 20 20 51 11 26 30 20 56 91 11 6 13 36 5 4 4 18 8 | 40 AUST 122 121 235 244 243 173 114 167 98 154 140 92 133 71 204 182 105 129 130 103 151 158 241 130 97 89 194 108 | 148 Global 2597 3259 2560 2596 2560 2495 2660 2702 2688 2415 2607 2504 2401 2535 2426 2690 2398 2396 2622 2685 2501 2221 2628 2649 2537 2182 2866 2789 | 2578 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 4 0 0 3 0 3 0 | 1 TENA 10 14 12 14 8 6 9 7 9 14 18 12 9 7 16 15 9 9 11 12 16 15 7 19 17 11 8 13 | 12 CEAM 35 142 34 64 53 55 56 33 58 39 42 48 53 40 65 39 56 30 43 55 59 40 57 53 41 40 56 55 | 52 NHSA 23 27 16 23 26 16 24 22 18 16 25 17 17 16 10 13 17 20 19 23 14 23 24 27 12 17 21 29 | 20 SHSA 195 190 176 110 159 146 183 212 218 176 263 176 132 222 139 178 129 141 181 164 191 110 150 180 148 156 146 171 | 170 EURO 7 9 5 13 3 2 6 3 7 4 8 3 4 3 5 9 4 2 3 4 12 2 4 3 4 6 3 4 | 6 MIDE 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 | 1 NHAF 553 735 624 770 529 524 511 538 549 456 540 574 481 472 530 511 476 468 526 635 558 486 421 533 488 461 468 511 | 534 SHAF 612 795 589 590 815 784 726 669 747 638 668 729 724 750 719 712 775 705 760 765 720 689 712 713 739 685 753 709 | 715 BOAS 25 34 20 23 33 31 45 31 21 37 23 41 27 31 24 23 11 27 18 13 12 15 15 14 19 20 20 9 | 24 TEAS 39 33 22 26 27 42 36 39 36 37 34 38 31 30 20 26 18 33 31 17 27 19 26 24 18 17 15 11 | 28 SEAS 160 235 209 142 171 127 211 267 202 196 236 191 248 275 177 257 239 238 209 256 185 178 269 238 256 148 257 214 | 214 EQAS 81 41 18 20 5 12 7 17 11 26 9 9 18 5 12 13 9 21 31 4 2 6 13 2 2 2 8 4 | 15 AUST 100 103 211 220 227 157 84 149 82 125 123 80 105 58 189 167 81 109 108 78 127 135 106 70 86 80 177 93 | 123 Global 1848 2367 1945 2023 2063 1909 1907 1994 1965 1773 1995 1924 1857 1918 1914 1970 1830 1810 1947 2035 1937 1728 1811 1882 1841 1650 1943 1830 | 1915 Boreal forest fires: BONA 26 92 34 26 15 46 30 133 59 40 29 30 34 62 40 39 89 68 114 27 53 27 55 5 51 65 357 153 | 65 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 95 236 109 134 109 178 289 38 93 118 66 137 96 102 137 325 166 142 83 216 104 143 229 262 261 77 109 139 | 150 TEAS 9 7 2 4 2 4 1 0 0 1 7 6 2 0 0 5 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 2 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 131 337 147 165 127 230 323 172 154 161 104 174 134 166 178 371 256 212 198 244 160 171 286 269 313 143 467 295 | 218 Temperate forest fires: BONA 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 0 0 5 1 6 1 | 1 TENA 5 7 6 6 3 4 3 2 2 5 5 9 3 2 5 4 4 5 8 5 13 10 2 27 14 6 7 7 | 7 CEAM 1 8 4 4 2 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 1 1 9 3 2 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 3 2 2 3 | 3 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 5 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 2 9 1 2 3 3 2 7 2 | 3 EURO 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 2 3 1 1 | 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 1 5 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 2 | 1 BOAS 4 6 4 3 8 8 9 9 4 11 5 10 9 11 6 4 2 8 4 3 3 6 4 2 6 5 6 2 | 6 TEAS 7 5 4 4 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 7 6 7 3 2 5 6 5 3 4 4 5 6 4 6 5 5 | 5 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 17 12 17 19 10 11 28 10 9 22 16 9 24 8 7 9 19 13 16 20 15 17 130 58 7 6 11 11 | 20 Global 41 49 45 46 30 29 52 35 30 52 41 44 50 34 36 30 38 41 43 41 59 50 153 103 51 36 50 38 | 49 Tropical forest fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 7 41 6 15 6 9 21 5 15 11 9 11 16 8 20 6 15 6 12 11 13 7 14 17 9 7 19 31 | 14 NHSA 5 9 3 5 5 2 11 4 2 2 6 3 3 4 1 2 2 4 5 14 2 6 13 6 2 5 5 15 | 6 SHSA 188 152 184 93 64 74 118 209 241 139 203 94 64 160 53 79 41 58 123 89 113 64 112 138 104 172 136 330 | 129 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 25 25 18 29 8 7 12 18 20 15 22 17 16 17 23 22 13 18 25 38 27 22 25 39 35 32 45 52 | 24 SHAF 12 19 11 12 14 10 18 24 29 23 15 19 33 27 23 25 38 25 37 39 26 32 25 28 42 24 38 47 | 26 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 16 37 31 21 18 13 30 45 35 29 42 28 39 55 27 38 39 42 33 40 18 20 42 41 34 16 44 33 | 33 EQAS 139 53 24 26 7 18 10 25 21 46 9 9 29 5 10 13 9 29 51 5 2 4 17 1 1 1 6 3 | 21 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 397 339 282 205 127 136 225 335 367 269 312 184 204 279 160 191 162 187 290 241 205 159 253 273 231 261 298 515 | 254 Peat fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 17 4 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 5 0 0 2 0 1 2 0 4 7 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 | 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 18 5 3 3 1 2 2 4 2 6 1 1 3 1 2 3 2 5 8 2 1 2 5 2 1 1 2 2 | 4 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 19 19 10 23 9 6 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 0 1 1 | 5 TENA 4 6 4 5 7 5 7 6 8 6 6 6 6 7 6 7 5 5 7 6 6 4 4 6 4 4 5 5 | 6 CEAM 5 10 4 5 6 6 6 7 7 5 5 6 6 5 6 4 6 4 4 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 | 6 NHSA 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SHSA 9 9 9 6 9 8 11 10 8 8 10 9 7 9 7 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 8 5 4 3 6 | 8 EURO 5 7 5 9 15 5 6 8 6 6 6 8 5 4 8 6 4 4 3 4 5 5 6 3 3 3 2 2 | 6 MIDE 2 6 4 2 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 8 6 6 3 5 3 7 5 3 3 5 5 2 2 4 4 | 5 NHAF 44 39 36 41 50 44 41 40 39 34 37 36 30 28 30 28 26 24 26 29 28 24 22 25 24 22 27 28 | 33 SHAF 6 9 7 6 6 6 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 | 5 BOAS 6 6 5 5 20 25 15 12 12 15 11 16 11 12 9 7 2 9 4 4 5 3 8 6 5 6 3 1 | 9 TEAS 23 19 18 18 57 48 30 35 46 39 41 60 46 30 25 26 24 50 41 25 39 24 28 27 15 14 17 23 | 32 SEAS 21 18 22 21 16 16 13 17 16 11 15 14 15 15 15 17 16 17 17 19 18 19 19 19 20 17 18 18 | 18 EQAS 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 | 1 AUST 3 5 5 3 5 4 1 7 5 6 0 2 3 4 6 5 3 5 5 4 8 4 3 1 3 2 5 4 | 4 Global 159 159 136 151 210 186 149 160 167 150 151 174 150 134 133 123 108 139 134 120 137 109 118 118 98 89 103 106 | 139